Ahmad Hamta; Narges Sharif
Abstract
Backgrounds Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females worldwide. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) evolve from lipid kinase that regulates the diverse cellular signaling pathways and are often altered in human cancers. Mutations in the gene encoding the p110α catalytic subunit PI3K ...
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Backgrounds Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females worldwide. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) evolve from lipid kinase that regulates the diverse cellular signaling pathways and are often altered in human cancers. Mutations in the gene encoding the p110α catalytic subunit PI3K (PIK3CA) can increase the enzyme activity and cause uncontrolled growth in cells. Previous studies indicated high frequency of mutation in PIK3CA gene in breast cancer. The current study aimed at determining the activating mutations of PI3K gene that can treat breast cancer using kinase activity of the enzyme inhibitors.Methods & Materials In the current study, due to the high rate of breast cancer in Markazi province, mutations of PIK3CA gene in 45 patient samples and 20 controls were investigated by the means of single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and direct DNA sequencing. In addition, the correlation between PIK3CA mutations and clinicopathological factors including age at diagnosis, lymph node metastases, subtype histology, tumor size, and histological grade were investigated by the Pearson Chisquare (X2) test.Results Among the 26.6% PIK3CA gene mutations in the study, 75% were identified in the exon 9; and accordingly, in addition to hotspot mutation [G1624A (E542K)], another mutation [G1634C (E545A)] was also detected. The current study showed no significant correlation between PIK3CA mutations and clinicopathological factors. Conclusion Mutations in PI3K gene, a proto-oncogene, showed the importance of this pathway for therapeutic purposes to prevent and cease the growth of breast cancer